Thank you, operator. Hello, everyone, and thank you for joining us today. Pinduoduo's earnings release was distributed earlier and it's available on the IR website at investor.pinduoduo.com, as well as through GlobeNewswire services.

On today's call, our CEO, Chen Lei will make some general remarks on our performance for the third quarter of 2020 and our strategic focus going forward. Our VP of Strategy, David Liu, will then elaborate further on our specific strategic initiatives. Our VP of Finance, Tony Ma, will then take us through our financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2020.

Before we begin, I'd like to refer you to our Safe Harbor statement in the earnings press release, which applies to this call as we will make certain forward-looking statements.

Also, this call includes discussions of certain non-GAAP financial measures. Please refer to our earnings release, which contains the reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures to GAAP measures.

Now, it is my pleasure to introduce our Chief Executive Officer, Chen Lei. Lei, please go ahead.

Lei Chen - Chief Executive Officer and Director

Hello, everyone. Thank you for joining us on our third quarter results announcement. Pinduoduo turned five years last month, reaching another milestone on this incredible journey. This year, we continue to deliver strong user growth and build trust and engagement with consumers. We are facilitating more sales every day with the support of our users, merchants and business partners.

For the 12 months ended September 30, 2020, Pinduoduo's revenue yield of 731 million active buyers and generated nearly RMB1.5 trillion GMV.

During our fifth anniversary campaign early October, the peak daily order volume surpassed 100 million, driven by increased demand for agricultural products. Strong consumer activities continue into Q4. We expect this growth to our continued focus on user experience. And so, better engagement metrics as we offer more selection, more compelling value and more fun and interactive features. In Q3, we observed increase in the frequency of visits, the number of categories visited and average daily time spent, which [Phonetic] contributed to our average annual spending per user increasing from RMB1,857 in Q2 to RMB1,993 in Q3, despite a net add of another 48 million active buyers.

Fueling [Phonetic] our growth scale today, it still feels like we just started yesterday. We recognize that Pinduoduo's achievement today benefited from the growth and evolution of China's Internet, the development of the retail industry and increased consumption power. We always believe that it is the consumers who make enterprises, not other way around. This is why from the beginning we have built our platform with the principle of people first and benefit all in mind.

Over the past five years, we witnessed growing support for the new interactive mobile commerce experience that we championed. Our mobile platform has become a mainstream online shopping app. Open [Phonetic] ranked first on various app stores. This is because that China's Internet base rose more vibrant, consumers have become more sophisticated and want to enjoy the benefit of being served by more than one platform. They are constantly looking out for more options for better value and differentiated experiences. Our message is clear and straightforward, continue to serve customers and lead their changing preferences. This relentless focus on serving consumers has enabled us to attract more than 700 million users in record time.

We also continue to be guided by the principle of being more open. We are committed to being an open and fair platform for our service providers and merchants. We are pleased to see increasing number of enterprises choosing to work with Pinduoduo. In the past five years, more brands has joined hands with Pinduoduo to offer customized design and value for money SKUs for our users. At the same time, more own M [Phonetic] have used our platform to gain the relative consumer exposure. Some of them has even launched their own brands leveraging on the consumer insight they can get from Pinduoduo.

Lastly and most importantly, Pinduoduo has also become China's largest online platform for agricultural products by enabling direct selling from farms to the dining table.

We are mindful that with scale there comes responsibility. To improve transparency and to inform our stakeholders of our progress in managing environmental, social and governance matters, we did issue our first ESG report. Our corporate social responsibility efforts are guided by the goal of promoting digital inclusion. By bringing more people into the digital economy, we believe the local communities can benefit from new jobs and new market opportunities and share rewards of greater productivity and convenience.

As we look forward to our next phase of our journey, we remain steadfast in our vision of offering consumers a greater selection of value for money products through a fun and interactive discovery experience. We continue to observe closely how consumer behaviors are evolving and evaluate how technology could help. We are committed to adapting to change and pushing for innovation. We're prepared to invest capital and resources in our platform, supply chain and ecosystem to realize this vision. There remains a lot we can do, particularly with agricultural products.

Post-pandemic we have noticed that consumer habit of grocery shopping in a wet market or supermarket are shifting. Many of our users have shifted to online channels for their daily staples. We saw a surge in orders for agricultural products in the first half of the year, not just for fruit and other root vegetables that can be easily transported, also for leafy vegetables and delicate foods.

We started to ask ourselves if more could be done to our users, especially given our familiarity with the sector and China's largest online agricultural platform. The more we learn about industry, the more we realize how much more we could do.

The current logistic network has optimized to deliver steady manufactured goods, but not agricultural products. Today, Pinduoduo can leverage existing logistic networks to transfer certain produce, such as apples and potatoes across China within two to three days. Some merchants have even found ways to transfer eggs with minimal damage. As a result, we have made it possible for consumers across China to enjoying some agricultural produce in good time and at good prices. However, in July and August, where more users started to buy leafy vegetables on our platform, our Company rate increased significantly. Many packages sustained some damage from heat and poor handling. It was a less brand [Phonetic] that we could not fully meet our users expectation. We realized that we were only at the very beginning of our path to create new value in China's agricultural supply chain.

One of the key factors and a critical roadblock is building a logistic infrastructure just for agricultural produce. Therefore, we decided to be more handout [Phonetic] and launch the Duo Duo Maicai channel. We get the localized information on agricultural produce available nearby, identify and source from qualified vendors, create a list of products we offer daily. Aggregate daily orders provide the fulfillment services to enable who pick on location and handle [Indecipherable] services.

Each step in a host by itself [Phonetic] a logistic workflow need to be perfectly executed and live to ensure great value to our users. Of course, many aspects of Maicai operation to leverage that exists e-commerce know-how of Pinduoduo, but others require significant development. It is not just about matching demand with supply, but matching demand with the most suitable supply, deliver next day at attractive price to our users. We are committed to drive a new infrastructure build for agricultural products for all consumers and farmers in China.

Our management team believe that Maicai is highly aligned with our long-term vision for China's agriculture industry. If something less touched our hearts but we started Pinduoduo with agriculture produce. It's now a natural extension of our mobile commerce platform, an integral part of our highly engaged ecosystem. For cities, where the function is available, we feature Maicai on our main app. We want to offer our users the option to purchase a curated natural SKUs at lower prices and pick locally the next day. At the same time, they can continue to enjoy the fun and interactively experience and discover other category of value-providing products.

The insight we gain from our main app enabled us to better create products for Maicai, which is in turn provides us a better understanding of what customers value in deciding how to buy their daily essentials and staples. But we invest in infrastructures of agriculture produce. We are also providing technology and deploying talent to tackle the challenge that Maicai brings. We believe that it will pay off for the long-term value of Pinduoduo.

As we mentioned last quarter, Pinduoduo is interested in partnership and investment opportunities in the whole value chain and infrastructure of agriculture goods. We're committed to help farmers earn more and consumers save more. We will continue to leverage the insight we have gathered from the past five years to make agricultural value trends more efficient and to benefit all.

And now, let me ask David to share some details on our recent initiatives.

David Liu - Vice President of Strategy

Thank you, Lei. Pinduoduo has built one of the world's largest online communities in the past five years by focusing on bringing consumers more savings and more fun. As user behaviors evolve, we have also adapted to meet and exceed their expectations. Five years ago, we started our team purchase model, which led users pin and save together as they browse. Two years ago, we started our New Brand Initiative, which enabled capable manufacturers to launch their own brands with products tailored to our users' preferences. And now, we are pushing ahead on an even bigger user need, fresh, affordable agricultural products.

We never choose to do what is the easiest but what is right. We have made the important progress on our New Brand Initiative this past quarter. We launched the New Brand Initiative as part of our C2M effort to help capable merchants and manufacturers gaining valuable insights of their target customers, design and manufacture tailor-made products for our users and leverage our interactive channels to sell with more accurate prediction of the price and quantity they can potentially achieve. It is a new road into reverse and just in time manufacturing, which can potentially solve inventory and supply chain inefficiencies that have been troubling retail sector for decades.

Seeing the results, we started helping these capable and proven merchants and manufacturers to establish their own brands and started teaching them, not just about the new channel we have created at Pinduoduo, but marketing tools and tips tailored to the increasing number of users we have accumulated. Even though brand making takes time, we hope that with our help, these new brands could become national or even global brands one day.

China has been the world's factory over the past 20 years. It has largely been following the conventional workflow of receiving orders, making products, conducting quality control, and shipping them out to brands globally. Manufacturers do not have full insights of how brands plan their production and sales cycle, which means their revenue and potential are always capped by brands. COVID has forced many of these capable manufacturers to turn back to the domestic market. We see a great market opportunity that these manufacturers could become important brands in the next 10 years.

We are happy to see to that today we have worked with more than 1,500 companies, launched more than 4,000 SKUs, and generated over 460 million cumulative orders. This quarter, we pledged to provide more marketing support and expand the programs' coverage to 5,000 companies. We are targeting to offer 100,000 customized C2M SKUs with aggregate GMV of RMB1 trillion by 2025. To facilitate that, we plan to continue our investments in technology to enable them. We have created an unique prediction model, taking into users' changing behavior on Pinduoduo platform in different regions of China. We plan to make it more user-friendly to our merchants and manufacturers to take advantage of the insights we have and are confident gaining.

Further, we are exploring more software services to make it easier for merchants to streamline their operations, such as raw material analysis, inventory prediction, supply chain tracking, partial industrial automation. You would have already seen the reduction in product cycle for apparels. It is possible to have a style or a model designed, manufactured and displayed to consumer in just 15 to 20 days. We hope to offer such capability to our ecosystem partners in the future and extend it to other categories.

Besides C2M effort, we recently launched a new function Duo Duo Maicai. It is another area where we believe it will pay off in the long-term. We view the entire agriculture value chain in three parts: production, transportation and consumption. What we have done in the past five years was to connect farmers directly with our users, i.e., the consumption part. No doubt our efforts have created efficiencies, cut unnecessary intermediaries and help farmers earn more and user save more. But we have not addressed other fundamental roadblocks, such as the lack of a dedicated logistics infrastructure for agricultural products, farm productivity and food safety.

When Pinduoduo started, we operated our own fulfillment network, so we have some experiences in this. But what we need to build now is of a totally different scale. It is an infrastructure build up, leveraging our prior experience, we're working closely with warehousing service providers, delivery fleets to meet the demand in next day delivery requirements. Sometimes we have even - we have to even step in design and manage the warehouse workflow ourselves. We also plan to explore more demand-driven localized coaching options at reasonable cost in order to deliver a better consumer experience.

We are already investing in people and warehouse and fleet management systems, when needed, we are willing to invest in key players in the warehousing and coaching logistic sectors to accelerate the improvement of the entire agriculture value chain. With more localized supplies being fulfilled more efficiently, we can meet users daily consumption needs with better quality produce in shorter time.

In addition to logistics infrastructure, we are making bigger R&D investments in product creation, sourcing and demand aggregation to further enhance our understanding of user needs and creation accuracy. We're taking into account the mode of our consumer engagement from Maicai and its impact on pricing and convenience. By improving our ability to predict demand, we can work with the local top distributors of agriculture goods to source directly from upstream farmers cheaper and faster. Over the past five years, we have already accumulated substantial insights for agriculture goods, which can give us a kick start as we fine-tune Maicai.

Another important area we have not done enough is in production. As a technology Company, populated even more than half by engineers, we see an important role for technological solutions for food production and have started to explore various investments in agritech. We believe there is a huge market opportunity for smart agriculture to address challenges in food supply, food safety and labor shortages. We are well placed to facilitate the adoption of agritech, given the demand visibility we have and our access to a vast community of agricultural producers. We will explore the commercial viability of new agritech solution our potential partners have.

For more interest in innovation, we initiated the smart agriculture competition this year, which gathers top minds in AI and agronomy worldwide to develop growing methods that can generate the highest yield, while economizing on inputs, such as labor. The tech competition fits four teams of AI growers against four traditional foreign teams in growing strawberries. The winner will be determined based on profitability, reliability, scalability and technical merits of the agritech solution they have deployed. Through this competition, we hope to inspire more young farmers and researchers to develop localized smart agriculture solutions. By working with the winner to implement their solution on to an actual farm, we hope to demonstrate that their agritech solution is suitable for smaller scale Chinese farms and we plan to standardize solutions for broader deployment across China.

We see a bright future for agriculture in China. We generated RMB136 billion of GMV in this category in 2019 and expect it hit RMB250 billion this year. Consumers have come to identify PDD as the go-to-platform for agriculture goods. Our aim is to lead the industry in innovation and be a driving force of agriculture infrastructure build-up. Our efforts in agriculture and manufacturing sectors seek to create long-term structural changes that will improve our users' experience and contribute to the value creation of the industry. They are not the easiest, but they certainly are the right things to do. We believe that our hard work will pay off in the long run.

Now, let me invite Tony to walk through the details of our third quarter results.

Tony Ma - Vice President of Finance

Thank you, David. For the 12 months ended September 30, 2020, our GMV increased 73% to nearly RMB1.5 trillion from RMB840 billion a year ago. As a result of continued growth in our user base and increased spending per user, our average monthly active users in the third quarter increased by 74.6 million from the previous quarter to 643.4 million, or an increase of 50% from a year ago. Our annual active buyers for the 12 months ended September 30, 2020, grew 36% year-over-year to reach 731.3 million. This represents a net add of 195 million in the past 12 months.

The annual spending per active buyer in the 12-month period ended September 30, 2020, increased 27% to RMB1,993 from RMB1,567 for the same period in 2019. The increase in annual spending per active buyer was moderated by significant number of new users added, who contributed less than 12 months of purchases to our GMV. Our strategy of investing in user engagement contributed to increase in user activities in Q3 and higher average spending per active buyer.

During the third quarter, China continued its recovery from pandemic. Consumer behaviors continue to normalize, resulting in pickup in online - offline retail activities. Compared to the year-over-year increase of 22% observed during the high seasonality of Q2, according to MDS [Phonetic] data, the value of physical goods sold online in the third quarter grew slower in Q3 at 17% versus a year ago. Pinduoduo's GMV growth continued to exceed the industry and saw in contrast that pick up on GMV growth rate in Q3.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, total parcel shipment volume in China continued to grow rapidly at 27.9% from the same period last year. In comparison, the value of physical goods sold online only grew 15.1% during the same period. This is just the average value per parcel is decreasing, which is consistent with the strong demand we have observed in Q2 and Q3 for lower ticket value items, like household necessities and agriculture products on our platform. We continued our promotions and support to our users in this category, because they are what mainly of our consumers needed. These high frequency categories have helped us to accelerate trust building and engagement with our users, which translated to better response and conversion for other promotion activities that we conducted on the platform.

Our total revenues in the September quarter were RMB14.2 billion, representing an increase of 89% from RMB7.5 billion in the same quarter last year. The increase was driven primarily by the strong momentum in online marketing services. Our revenues from marketing - online marketing services and others was RMB12.9 billion, up 92% from a year ago. Our transaction service revenue increased 66% to RMB1.3 billion.

We continue to see strong merchant advertising activities in Q3, which will attribute attractive merchant ROI due to higher user engagement on our platform and more compelling advertising products.

The implied monetization rate, defined as total revenues divided by GMV, for the last 12 months ended September 30, 2020, was 3.0%, which is same as the comparable period last year and up from 2.9% for the 12-month period ended in Q2 2020.

Now, moving on to cost. Our total cost of revenues this quarter increased 78% from RMB1.8 billion in the same period last year to RMB3.3 billion this quarter, translating to a gross margin of 77%. Total cost of revenues increased, mainly due to the increases in bandwidth and server costs, staff costs and other expenses directly attributable to the online marketplace services and other revenues.

Our total operating expenses this quarter were RMB12.2 billion, as compared to RMB8.5 billion in the same quarter of 2019.

Our sales and marketing expenses this quarter increased 46% to RMB10.1 billion from RMB6.9 billion in the same quarter of 2019. On a non-GAAP basis, our sales and marketing as a percentage of our revenues was 69%, as compared to 89% for the same quarter last year.

Our priority this year is to improve user engagement and gain more mind share with consumers. We continue with our sales and marketing investments in Q3 towards this priority wherever we saw opportunities that meet our internal ROI values. Users who have been on our platform longer tends to shop more frequently on our platform, purchases across more categories and spend above our annual average spending per user. We attribute the increase in average annual spending per user in Q3 to our efforts in prior quarter to invest and build engagement with our rapidly expanding buyer base. And our investments in our users this quarter would continue to position us well for the long-term.

General and administrative expenses were RMB368.6 million, as compared to RMB436.6 million in the same quarter of 2019. The G&A expenses in Q3 2019 included a certain one-off expenses related to our initiatives to alleviate rural poverty. We did not incur such expenses this quarter. On a non-GAAP basis, our G&A expenses as a percentage of revenues was 1% in Q3.

Research and development expenses were RMB1.8 billion, an increase of 60% from RMB1.1 billion in the same quarter of 2019. The increase was primarily due to an increase in headcount and the continuous recruitment of talented engineers, and an increase in RMB-related cloud service expenses. On a non-GAAP basis, our R&D expenses as a percentage of revenue was 10% in Q3.

Technology is fundamental to our operation, and we plan to increase our spending on engineering talents and technological capability going forward. Some of our key R&D initiatives include developing our demand forecasting system for agriculture, database for C2M manufacturers, and logistics planning system. As a result, operating loss for the quarter narrowed to RMB1.3 billion on a GAAP basis, compared with operating loss of RMB2.8 billion in the same quarter of 2019. Non-GAAP operating loss for the quarter was RMB339.8 million, compared with RMB2.1 billion in the same quarter of 2019.

For the quarter ended September 30, 2020, we recorded a net non-operating income of RMB475.6 million, compared with RMB465.2 million in the same quarter in 2019. The increase primarily reflects the net impact of higher interest income offset by loss on fair market value change from long-term investments, and interest expenses from amortization of our outstanding convertible bonds. We have excluded the fair market value change and the convertible bonds amortization in addition to the share-based compensation in our presentation of non-GAAP metrics.

To sum up, the net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders was RMB784.7 million on a GAAP basis, as compared to net loss of RMB2.3 billion in the same quarter of 2019.

Basic and diluted net loss per ADS were RMB0.66 on a GAAP basis, compared with RMB2.0 in the same quarter of 2019.

On a non-GAAP basis, we recorded a net income attributable to ordinary shareholders of RMB466.4 million, compared with net - non-GAAP net loss of RMB1.66 billion in the same quarter last year.

Non-GAAP basic and diluted net income per ADS were RMB0.39 and RMB0.33, respectively, this quarter, as compared with non-GAAP net loss of RMB1.44 in the same quarter of 2019.

And Duo Duo Maicai is still a young initiative and its contribution to our results in Q3 is immaterial. We operate Maicai under a 3P model. We recognized transaction services revenues for facilitating the sales and incurred logistic cost under cost of goods sold and the incremental sales and marketing expenses. That completes the profit and loss statement for this quarter.

Our net cash flow generated by operating activities in this quarter was RMB8.3 billion, as compared to RMB2.6 billion in the same quarter of 2019, primarily due to an increase in online marketing services revenues. Our operating cash flow has been positive on an annual basis since 2017. As of September 30, 2020, the Company's cash reserve comprising of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments was RMB45.6 billion, as compared to RMB41.1 billion at the end of December 2019. We allocated most of our cash reserve to a highly liquid short-term investments to receive better cash yield and maintain flexibility to withdraw and deploy capital strategically as necessary.

This concludes our prepared remarks. Operator, we are ready for questions. Thank you.

Question & Answers

Operator

Thank you. [Operator Instructions] First question comes from the line of Thomas Chong of Jefferies. Please go ahead.

Thomas Chong - Jefferies - Analyst

Hi. Thanks management for taking my questions. Can you comment about our strategies in community group purchase? And how we see the competitive landscape going forward? And how big is the addressable market? Thank you.

Lei Chen - Chief Executive Officer and Director

Hi. Thank you for your question. So first, I want to clarify the misconception now many people have. Duo Duo Maicai is not really a community group buy business. Yes, it is location-based and our customers pickup their purchase from the places close to them. But I believe it is different from the prior community buying models we have been seeing in the past seven years. To us, as I cannot comment on the difference, because we really don't know what others are thinking or doing, but we can speak for ourselves. So, for us, Maicai, I think, is a natural extension of our current business, given our know-how of the agriculture sectors and its ecosystem players.

And we - why bring Maicai because we see - we saw this new emerging customer need that our current infrastructure in the platform cannot meet. And we sensed a strong need from our users that now - ever since the first half year of this year, actually, want to - they want to buy fresh grocery more conveniently and more frequently. And our existing offering of agricultural produce, I think cannot meet users' these new preferences, which is about fresh and the next day consumption needs.

So, let's say, we are now running Maicai as a standalone business. It's an integrated offering with our existing platform, users actually can choose different services and service offered, it can be next day pickup or door-to-door delivery with three to five days with Maicai. But we think this is very important need from our customers. So we are committed to invest in the infrastructure to make this happen to make the whole package deliver the consumer need from farm to their home faster and cheaper.

And in terms of landscape, I think we need to think about this in two-fold. First is, for Maicai standalone, and I do believe that a significant portion of consumers in the future will complete their grocery shopping totally online. And just like this change for buying daily grocery online, I think is very similar to what we saw five to seven years ago with the - with apparel category. And I think no one today would have imagined then - no one would have imagined that significant number of consumers who are using online shopping to choose to try out purchases and return coats. That is the value are seeing today. So, in terms of grocery shopping, I think a similar thing will happen.

The other fold is about this synergy between Maicai and our main e-commerce platform, basically as Maicai has a high purchase frequency. So our user will have higher engagement with our platform. So, they can pick other full spectrum of category of products from our e-commerce platform.

Thomas Chong - Jefferies - Analyst

Thank you.

Jason Shu - Investor Relations

Operator, next question.

Operator

Thank you. Next question is from the line of Joyce Ju of Bank of America. Please go ahead.

Joyce Ju - Bank of America - Analyst

Good evening, management. Congrats on the very strong results this quarter and thanks for taking my questions. I would like to take this opportunity to get more colors on the - your strategic new initiative, Duo Duo Maicai. As we all know, like you mentioned in the opening remarks, you guys actually chose the 3P marketplace model to conduct its business, and - but we all know, like in this business from, probably we have seen 1P models, 3P models. Could you elaborate a little bit more and why the platform decided to do so? And is there any like special advantage or like key advantage we have seen, like why we particularly chose this model? And how we are differentiated compared to other major players on your entrance in this market?

And secondly, also I think a lot of like industry experts are kind of comment this is a business actually heavily rely on the supply chain. While from our Company perspective, like because we typically in a more light business model. So we don't really have like heavy offline investment for infrastructures before. So, are we going to spend a lot of money to actually invest for like logistics or supply chain? How big will be the capex related? And also on investments front, I also would like to know, like what's the plan for the sales and marketing budget investment to acquire like new users for this business? Thanks.

David Liu - Vice President of Strategy

Joyce, thank you for that question. It's very comprehensive. Let me point out a few things. So first of all, as Lei have mentioned in his remarks, we see Duo Duo Maicai really as a natural extension of our e-commerce model and our emphasis on agriculture. What we have seen is that, as the country emerged from COVID-19, consumers behaviors are changing, and how they are looking to address their needs for daily groceries are evolving. And what we have seen is that, users are now increasingly looking for - to be able to buy more things online. They are trying to identify an alternative venue to wet market and supermarkets and they want their deliver time to be quick, so next day. And also, again, continue to be great value. So, looking at this equation and looking at the use cases that PDD's e-commerce platform addresses on a standalone basis, we recognized that there are certain deficiencies. For example, the next day kind of logistic delivery isn't something that PDD's platform to date have been optimized for. So, the extension to Duo Duo Maicai for us is very natural.

We can't really comment on other players' decision to enter into similar businesses. And whether they are more likely - more like a community purchase or not. But from our perspective, what we see in Duo Duo Maicai is really addressing this different way of engaging with consumers, fulfilling that different type of usage patterns and needs. And again, you are right to point out that we do think this will require a much better infrastructure tailored specifically for their agricultural produce - agricultural products. So we are prepared to go heavy in building, we're accelerating the development that this agriculture infrastructure.

Today, what we have been doing is investing in people, so we have teams on the ground working with third-party services provider today. But in some instances, we have been got them involved in establishing the SOPs for the warehouses to getting involve in the workflows. We are also investing - we have already invested in warehouse and fleet management systems and we are looking for ways to continue to optimize that, leveraging the technology platform we have for the main - from our e-commerce platform.

But specifically, though, we do think that there will be scenarios where we will need to make certain investments in order to facilitate development - that infrastructure, including potentially a build-out, but more localized coaching operation that is demand-driven, and therefore, can be most cost-efficient. We are looking to leverage existing services provider to do this, but in some instances, we may need to develop and test cases and do it ourselves.

Let me pause there and let Tony address the question regarding sales and marketing on Duo Duo Maicai.

Tony Ma - Vice President of Finance

Yes. And as David just mentioned and also Lei mentioned in his remarks, Duo Duo Maicai to us is a natural extension from our main e-commerce model. So, we will budget our sales and marketing investment in Duo Duo Maicai as the same way as we invest in our e-commerce platform. And the guiding principle is, we focus on the long-term ROI we can generate from the business, not instead of the short-term profitability.

Joyce Ju - Bank of America - Analyst

Got it. May I have a, like a quick follow-up is just may we get colors, like what's the current overlap between like suppliers for our main PDD marketplace and Duo Duo Maicai, like in terms of like agricultural or fresh produce like suppliers?

David Liu - Vice President of Strategy

Joyce, I'm actually not quite sure was that question is that meaningful. The reason I say this is, we offer Duo Duo Maicai as an integrated part of our e-commerce platform. The merchants who work with us in the Maicai scenario can also be merchants online. So, it really depends on their capabilities and whether they can work with on the localized scenario in Maicai and, of course, they can - and they are more than welcomed to continue to dispatch nationwide to working with the delivery forces on our platform. In fact, I would say that the credibility we have as China's second largest e-commerce platform by users, give us incredible leverage with merchants and we see a lot of merchants looking to work with us in the localized scenario as well.

Joyce Ju - Bank of America - Analyst

Got it. Thanks a lot.

Operator

Thank you.

Jason Shu - Investor Relations

Next question, please.

Operator

Yes. Next question is from the line of Eddy Wang of Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead.

Eddy Wang - Morgan Stanley - Analyst

Hi. Thank you management for taking my question and congratulations on the very great results. So, yeah, I also have a follow-up question on Duo Duo Maicai as well. So basically, can you share with us - we understand that we just started the business in August. But I would appreciate if you can give us more color on how is the - both the momentum of the Duo Duo Maicai have been in the past three months?

And if you look at this AOV and the ASP user of this business wise, if we compare - I understand that it's much integrated into our agriculture product business. But if I compare with AOV compared with the user frequency wise, how is Duo Duo Maicai in the past three months, compared with the - your - the users behavior of the agricultural product purchase? Yeah. Thank you.

David Liu - Vice President of Strategy

Sure, Eddy. Thank you for that. As you rightly pointed out, the Duo Duo Maicai is still a very new business for us. So, we are also fine-tuning our operations. So we are not going to be able to comment on the specifics. But you would note that the Maicai function is now available across most of the provinces in China and we featured an entry way for Maicai on the main app itself very prominently. So, we are seeing good momentum and good user pickup and great adoption. Then, in particular, I would say that, the visibility on the main app is also helping to drive our traffic to the Maicai business itself.

You also asked about the AOV, I think it's fair to say that the Maicai scenario is cater or it's meant to address the daily grocery needs of the consumers on our platform. So naturally this lends itself to a higher frequency of purchases and engagements on the platform. And it is also true that the AOV today for those orders are lower relative to the AOV - our average AOV on our platform today. However, it is compensated by a much higher frequency.

The way we are looking at the Maicai business is, if we continue to serve the consumers well, the frequencies will increase and as we build out the infrastructure over time, the AOV will also increase. So we do see a tremendous amount of potential in this business, and for now we are just focused on providing them the best experiences for the daily grocery needs.

Eddy Wang - Morgan Stanley - Analyst

Okay. Thank you. Thank you very much and congratulations on the great results.

Lei Chen - Chief Executive Officer and Director

Thank you, Eddy.

Operator

Thank you. Next question is from Piyush Mubayi of Goldman Sachs. Please go ahead.

Piyush Mubayi - Goldman Sachs - Analyst

Thank you for taking my question. Congratulations, Lei, David, on super results. When I look at the active buyer number you obtained of 731 million, you are not that far away from the market leader. The question now is, after what we've seen thus far, what is the next step you'd like to pursue?

And the second question is, we're trying to better understand on the community buying side. What is the profitability level? So if you go through on a city-by-city basis, could you just take us through examples of where profitability could be? Or how should we be thinking of the cost side of the equation? I'd appreciate that. Thank you.

Lei Chen - Chief Executive Officer and Director

Okay. So let me first answer your first question. So - and we are currently have 731 million active customers. It's inevitable that the growth will slow down. And that being said, we do see there are still room for us to grow in terms of expand our user base. However, the bigger issue we have here is, we're still lagging behind all the users my share, therefore, their trust with us. That is the one key area we are focusing on now. And I think I believe it is also one of the reasons we launched Maicai. I think we launched Maicai to meet their changing behaviors and preferences, and I do believe that this is a very key approach for us to win their trust.

But if we take a look at a little bit further, and I do think that we are currently at a very quick point about our integration of online and offline work. And we do see the structural trend as a result of the high mobile Internet penetration. And this whole process is also expedited by COVID-19 pandemic. And our young generations, they fall into this mobile Internet era and to them, I think there is no such kind of consumption of online, offline. All these things are integrated. If you take a look at the mobile payment, live streaming, they are both good examples of it. And things, technology and online channels, they typically provide a bit higher efficiency. And I do believe that most of activities will be focused online.

And I think in area of e-commerce, we will see this shift earlier than other areas. And we will potentially see that the majority of retail purchases will be performed online. And we definitely hope to capture this kind of opportunity. And - but you need to realize that, in this new world, this new integrated world, new kind of - new type of infrastructure is needed. That's why sort of we are committed to do more infrastructure buildup to help in this integration process.

Let's do something, which - I think it will never change, which is I think in order to be successful in long run you really need to constantly meet user satisfaction and meet their expectation. To us, it boils down to two factors, one is value for money. The other is expanded interactive experience the user will have. So, hopefully, that will answer your first question.

Tony Ma - Vice President of Finance

Yeah. I will pick up on the second one. Thank you, Lei. And speak of the profitability on Maicai, I think Maicai to us is a long-term opportunity, which will help us to address and fulfill the user needs, which is today, I guess, limited by the agriculture infrastructure. So as long as we committed to invest and keep innovating on this initiative, we're trying to reduce the additional layers in the process, try to cut some of the waste in the process, therefore, creating more value for the users. With that, the economic outlook for Maicai will be very different from today. For us, the monetization model can be built along the evolvement of this journey, which - and include advertising, but not limited to it.

So, in summary, I think it's too early to tell after only two or three months in operation. And there is a lot to be determined after we haven't rollout - cover all the cities yet in China. We will keep all the investors informed about our progress.

Piyush Mubayi - Goldman Sachs - Analyst

Thank you very much.

Lei Chen - Chief Executive Officer and Director

Thank you.

Operator

Thank you. Next question is from the line of Natalie Wu of Haitong International. Please go ahead.

Natalie Wu - Haitong International Securities Group Limited - Analyst

Hi. Good evening. Thanks for taking my question and congratulations on very strong quarter. My question is regarding the results that you plan to deploy for the Maicai initiative. So, we see that you set aside from personnel of your main side to do the Maicai business across the cities. So, how should we understand your sales and marketing budget planning for that business? Should we understand the Maicai-related sales and marketing budget as purely incremental? Or should we think that as - that business is together with the main side, so that incremental budget is actually this exercise of choosing that path of the sales and marketing budget for your main side? Thank you.

Tony Ma - Vice President of Finance

Okay. Thank you for the question. Like I said previously, we budget our sales and marketing investment in Duo Duo Maicai the same way as we manage our other sales and marketing investment on the main platform. So we evaluate the sales and marketing investment based on our internal ROI metrics case-by-case basically, all the activities, for example. It's exactly the same. We don't dedicate a certain pack of budgeting for sales and marketing for Maicai. It's managed through evaluation on our internal ROI metrics.

Natalie Wu - Haitong International Securities Group Limited - Analyst

So that is purely incremental, is that right?

David Liu - Vice President of Strategy

Yeah. So, Natalie, just to add on to what Tony said, if you look at individual sales and marketing spend, fairly - and frankly, at a fairly granular level, as we can go as deeper down the user-based - I mean, the individual user level, right? So, we continue to evaluate every dollar spend and it's a little bit - I think the question itself is a little bit misleading in the sense that we do see users now only specifically for Maicai, but they will also continue to be a user on the main platform as well. So, we are looking at the deployment in our investments in the users across these different functions or features individually and looking at the dollar that we're getting from our investment. So - and that's - so it's really more of a bottom-up approach as opposed to say we're beginning the year with a fixed budget and now we're going to allocate that budget.

Natalie Wu - Haitong International Securities Group Limited - Analyst

Got it. Very clear. Thank you.

David Liu - Vice President of Strategy

Operator, why don't we take one last question?

Operator

Sure. Go ahead. Our last question is from the line of Alicia Yap of Citigroup. Please go ahead.

Alicia Yap - Citigroup - Analyst

Hi. Good evening management. Thanks for taking my questions. Congratulations on the strong results. I also - my question is also related to the community grocery shopping. Just looking at intense competitive landscape, what is your - PDD's commitment, right, and the success factors of winning this battle? Just wondering how much of the investment in infrastructure, supply chain that we need to do as well. Will we consider seeking partnerships with other payers or leverage the cooperations with the ride-sharing players or even the cloud sourcing partner to support our delivery capability? Thank you.

David Liu - Vice President of Strategy

Thank you, Alicia. As I mentioned earlier, we - Duo Duo Maicai for us - sorry, the core to delivering those type of experience stuff, we think the consumers deserve or want is to build out a dedicated infrastructure on a localized level for agriculture products. We don't see this type of infrastructure readily available in the market today. We - and this is why we are committed to go deeper necessary to build this. Obviously, we will be evaluating what is available and looking to work with partners because we believe being more open - being an open platform, it would certainly be the most efficient to deliver the right type of experiences.

So, again, we will be informed by how - what the consumers needs and how we can best fulfill that need. And that would mean that we need to invest in certain players to help facilitate or accelerate that deployment. So, we will need to continue do that the way as the Maicai business develops. And in any event, we do think these investments will pay-out for the long-term to the shareholders.

Alicia Yap - Citigroup - Analyst

Can I just very quickly follow-up just in case if you indeed need to build up a kind of model, the capital, the structural - infrastructural investments? Will your profitable quarter this year that we have to be more cautious? It could fluctuate from quarter-to-quarter that may be sometime into the future you could go back temporary to a loss-making quarter?

Tony Ma - Vice President of Finance

Okay. Let me comment on this. As you know, we - Pinduoduo is still a very young platform. And in today's remarks, I think, both Lei, David already mentioned about all these number of opportunities we are pursuing. And when we speed up on these investments, it's likely to impact on the near-term profitability. This improvement - investments, we talk a lot about agriculture infrastructure, but there's also talent, technology and the continuous investment on our sales and marketing to further engage with our increasing user base. So, we won't focus on profitability on a quarterly basis. But we are very confident all these investments will generate long-term value for our shareholders.

Alicia Yap - Citigroup - Analyst

Okay. Great. Thank you.

David Liu - Vice President of Strategy

Thank you, Alicia.

Operator

Thank you. And I would like to hand the conference back to Mr. Jason Shu [Phonetic] for closing remarks. Please go ahead.

Jason Shu - Investor Relations

Okay. Thank you, everyone, for joining us on the conference call today. If you have any further follow-up questions, feel free to reach out to the IR team. Thank you, and have a great day.

Operator

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PDD HOLDINGS INC

Q3 2020

Earnings Transcript

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