Good morning. My name is Chris and I'll be your conference Operator today. At this time, I'd like to welcome everyone to the Grief Q1 2022 Earnings Conference Call. [Operators Instructions] After the speakers remarks, there will be a question-and-answer session. [Operators Instructions]

Thank you. Matt Eichmann, you may begin.

Matt Eichmann - Vice President, Chief Marketing and Sustainability Officer

Thanks, Chris, and good morning, everyone. Welcome to Greif's First Quarter Fiscal '22 Earnings Conference Call. This is Matt Eichmann, I'm joined by Ole Rosgaard, Greif's President and Chief Executive Officer, Larry Hilsheimer, Greif's Chief Financial Officer, and Matt Leahy, Greif's Vice President of Corporate Development and Investor Relations. We will take questions at the end of today's call. In accordance with Regulation Fair Disclosure, please ask questions regarding issues you consider important because we're prohibited from discussing material non-public information with you on an individual basis.

Please limit yourself to one question and one follow-up before returning to the queue. Please turn to slide two. As a reminder, during today's call, we will make forward-looking statements involving plans, expectations, and beliefs related to future events. Actual results could differ materially from those discussed. Additionally, we'll be referencing certain non-GAAP financial measures and reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP metrics can be found in the appendix of today's presentation.

And now I'll turn the presentation over to Ole on slide three.

Ole Rosgaard - President and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Matt. And good morning, everyone for today's my first quarterly earnings call as Greif's President and Chief Executive Officer and I'm excited to be with you. My plans today is to review the state of our business, to briefly share our new built-to-last strategy and its key components, to introduce Greif's new executive leadership team. And finally, to engage meaningfully in a Q&A session.

Big picture, our fiscal 2022 is off to an outstanding start, we delivered record financial results in the first quarter, despite a challenging operating environments complicated by the pandemic, supply chain disruptions, and inflationary pressures beyond our control. We also announced the pending divestiture of our 50% ownership in the flexible products and service business for outstanding value, solidified our net leverage position, and increased our profit expectations for Fiscal 2022.

These accomplishments results from disciplined operational execution and a commitment of our global Greif team, and I thank our colleagues for their hard work this past quarter. Finally, we announced plans to hold an Investor Day in June and details about the event can be found in the earnings release we published yesterday. Please turn to slide four. I would like to briefly share our new built-to-last strategy with you. I will summarize the strategies high points today as we will dive much deeper into it at our Investor Day on June 23rd, and review our continued growth plans.

The built-to-last strategy consists of four missions, creating thriving communities, delivering legendary customer service, protecting our future, and ensuring financial strength. Mission 1, creating thriving communities. Is about achieving a zero harm environments and creating an even more engaged, diverse, and inclusive workplace in the future. Thriving communities will help us win in the war for talent.

Our second mission, delivering legendary customer service involves finding ways to serve customers better each day. This mission includes implementing new technologies that will increase our agility and help us deliver faster and more comprehensive customer solutions. Legendary customer service combined with Greif's unmatched global portfolio and product offerings, forms a powerful business competitive advantages.

Mission 3, projecting our future is about embracing a low carbon world and further enhancing our focus on products circularity. Greif is already a sustainability leader today, evidenced by our recently awarded fourth consecutive EcoVadis gold rating. And we will take additional steps to mitigate risks associated with climate changes, and capture opportunities related to product circularity and sustainable solutions for our customers.

Finally, our fourth mission, ensuring financial strength entails generating high-margin EBITDA growth to deliver a growing sustainable profit and cash flow stream that enhances shareholder value creation. The built-to-last strategy is founded upon our bedrock the driveway which as guided our business for many years and remains the focal points of our culture. I look forward to sharing more about built-to-last with you at our Investor Day. Please turn to slide five. I'm fortunate to be surrounded by an exceptional team charged with helping to activate the built-to-last branding.

These extraordinary service leaders possesses extensive industry knowledge and a demonstrated commitment to disciplined operational execution and customer service excellence. Their rich and diverse set of skills and experiences, along with proven records of performance, will drive even greater success at Greif in the future. I hope you will join us at Investor Day in June to interact with them.

Finally, before jumping into our results, I would like to announce some changes to our Investor Relations team. Matt Eichmann, who we know well, has been promoted to Chief Marketing and Sustainability Officer, effective March 1st. Matt has done an outstanding job representing Grief to the investment community the last six years, and I'm excited to have him take on this exciting leadership opportunity.

Matt Leahy who currently leads our Corporate Development team has added the role of Investor Relations to his responsibilities. Matt Leahy has extensive buy-side experiences, and has been instrumental in executing price acquisition strategy and portfolio changes since joining our team almost four years ago. Our confidence that Matt [Indecipherable] will be a strong leader in the Investor Relations role and will build upon Matt Eichmann's efforts to improve Investor Communications, share insights on our business and financial condition, and ensure that leaders across Greif understand what our investors and owners expect of us.

Please turn to slide six to begin our business review. Global industrial packaging delivered an outstanding first quarter results. Global large plastic drums and IBC volumes grew by roughly 8% and 11% per day respectively versus the prior-year quarter. Global steel drum volume fell by 4% per day versus the prior year due to customer supply chain and labor issues despite strong underlying demands.

Similar to quarter four, the biggest volume shortfall was in APAC reflective of our decision to implement strategic pricing actions and supply chain disruptions that negatively impacted our customer's operations. Generally speaking, our end markets remained healthy. Customers report solid order backlogs and strong underlying demand, but continue to face external supply chain disruptions and labor challenges. We also hear that our customer's customer have depleted inventory levels, which should eventually translate to a tailwind for Grief.

GIP's generally stronger volumes and higher average selling prices resulted in significantly higher segment sales year-over-year. The business's first quarter adjusted EBITDA rose by roughly $35 million due to higher sales, partially offset by higher raw material costs. During the quarter, we continued to experience favorable price-cost conditions, given timing, inventory cost, and the structure of our price adjustment mechanisms, we anticipate GIP's price-cost benefit to deteriorate as we move later into the fiscal year.

Finally, we received several questions about our Ukrainian and Russian businesses that I want to address directly. This is an evolving situation that we continue to monitor and assess continuously with a dedicated taskforce. We are appalled by the ruthless aggression we have witnessed in the Ukraine for the last several days. We operate one flexible plant in the country that has been temporarily closed.

Our primary focus has been and will continue to be the safety and well-being of our Ukrainian colleagues and assisting them and their families anyway we can. In Russia, we operate nine facilities. The business predominantly source raw materials locally and service local customers. It possesses very minimal cross-border exposure and contributes less than 3% to total company operating profit annually, we do hedge roughly half of our [Indecipherable] exposure.

In times of crisis, we lean on our values and use the driveway to guide our direction. While extremely upset, and accost by the aggressive actions taken by the Russian governments. As with our Ukrainian colleagues, our focus is on all drive people. We remain in full support of our Russian colleagues and continue to operate in Russia with also their well being as our priority. Please turn to slide seven. In January, we announced an agreement to divest our 50% ownership in FPS.

Although we have worked closely with our joint venture partner the last 12 years, we evolved to have differing views on the future of this business. The sale of our 50% stay in flexibles will generate net cash proceeds of approximately $123 million subject to customary closing conditions. We anticipate the deal closes by the end of March 2022 and have incorporated the divestitures impact into our financial Fiscal '22 guidance. Until we refine this further, you can assume FPS ball park annual adjusted EBITDA contribution to be roughly $35 million.

For context, seven years ago when FPS was struggling, we tried to market, considering a disposition with virtually no interest. Now we're selling our half of FPS for substantially more than the best offer at that time for the entire business. On behalf of Grief's leadership team, I want to thank our flexible colleagues for their hard work the past 12 years. The team has proven considerable improvements in the business and demonstrated professionalism throughout, and we thank them for their continued commitment during the transition period.

Please turn to slide eight. Paper Packaging's first quarter sales rose by roughly $129 million versus the prior year due to stronger volumes and higher published containerboard and boxboard prices. Adjusted EBITDA rose by roughly $24 million versus the prior year due to higher sales, partially offset by higher raw material, transportation, and utility costs, including a significant $42 million drag from significantly higher OCC costs. Similar to the fourth-quarter, volume demand across the business remains strong.

At quarter end, our combined mill backlogs exceeded eight weeks. First quarter volumes in our CorrChoice sheet feeder system were up roughly half percent per day versus the prior year. E-commerce, automotive parts, food and durables demand all remain very solid. First quarter cube and core volumes were up by 4.6% per day versus the prior year, with demand strong across almost all end markets.

I will now turn you over to our CFO, Larry Hilsheimer, on slide nine.

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

Thank you, Ole. Good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining us today. Like Ole, I want to start by thanking our colleagues for an outstanding first quarter with record financial results. By my count, this is the 13th consecutive quarter that we have met or exceeded consensus expectations. Along the way, we've dealt with COVID, supply chain constraints and labor challenges, yet we continue to execute with excellence thanks to the global Greif's teams dedication.

First quarter adjusted EBITDA rose by $58 million year-over-year, despite an OCC index headwind of $42 million and roughly $33 million of non-volume related transportation and manufacturing labor inflation, absolute SG&A dollars rose $17 million versus the prior year quarter, mainly due to higher health medical and incentives costs, but fell 200 basis points on a percentage of sales basis. Below the line, interest expense fell by $8 million versus the prior year quarter due primarily to refinancing our 2021 Euro notes with a lower rate bank debt.

We expect interest expense to fall further as we utilized proceeds from the flexibles divestment on debt repayment, and also benefit from having refinanced on Tuesday our 6.5% 2027 senior notes with additional bank debt, utilizing a mix of floating and fixed rates below 3.5%. Our first quarter non-GAAP tax rate was roughly 31% and significantly higher year-over-year due to increased pre -tax income, with a higher proportion of that income in the U.S., and less positive discrete items than the prior year.

Even with significantly higher tax expense, our first quarter adjusted Class A earnings per share will still more than double to $1.28 per share. Finally, first quarter adjusted free cash flow was $19 million cash outflow and lower year-over-year primarily due to higher capex -related maintenance and organic growth investments in IBC's plastics and specialty corrugated products. Please turn to slide 10. Our core capital priorities remain unchanged, reinvest in the business, create value and support growth, return excess cash to shareholders via an attractive and growing dividend, and maintain a compliance leverage ratio between two to 2.5 times.

Our balance sheet is in rock solid shape. Thanks to aggressive deleveraging as promised, we're back comfortably within our targeted leverage ratio range and anticipate further downward bias in the near future. Balance sheet strength provides us with financial flexibility to pursue value accretive opportunities, and we are currently finalizing our strategic planning process to determine the focus of growth activity going forward. We will share more with you at Investor Day in June. Please turn to slide 11.

We are increasing our fiscal 2022 guidance despite eliminating flexibles income for the period of April 1st to October 31st, which was present in the guidance we issued at Q4. We have overcome that headwind and increased the midpoint of our adjusted earnings per share guidance by $0.45 to $6.60 a share for Fiscal '22 reflective solid first quarter performance, announced paper price increases and lower interest expense. We have deliberately kept a wider range than normal given uncertainty introduced by the unfortunate events in Europe.

We now anticipate generating between $380 million and $440 million of adjusted free cash flow in fiscal '22, while our profit expectations have increased since Q4, that improvement isn't fully reflected in free cash flow primarily due to higher anticipated cash taxes and increased working capital largely due to announced price increases. Finally, you will find a slide with key modeling assumptions in the appendix of today's deck for use as needed. Please turn to slide 12. It is important to take a step back from time-to-time and look at the bigger picture when considering investment opportunities.

At Greif's, we don't run our enterprise with a quarter in mind. Instead, our value creation model is focused on performance over the long term. As I've just shown on the prior slide, we have a track record of delivering on our guidance expectations. The execution discipline we've demonstrated to go profits over the long haul, no matter the circumstance has fueled sustained out performance you will see here relative to a broader bucket of industrial companies.

Please turn to slide 13, despite sustained out performance, we continue to trade at a substantial discount relative to other packaging firms which mystifies us. We invite your thoughts and welcome your feedback about why we're situated this way, given we delivered on our financial commitments made in 2015, '17, and '19 and our record of exceeding consensus estimates is clear. Clearly understand that it is investors who determine our value. However, our opinion is that our equity deserves a much closer look given the substantial discount present in our stock today.

With that, I'll turn the call back to Ole for his closing comments on slide 14.

Ole Rosgaard - President and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Larry. Please turn to slide 14 for a few closing remarks before the Q&A. I am very proud of our team's first quarter performance. As Greif's legendary customer service comes together with execution, discipline, and unmatched product portfolio approval and disciplined capital allocation strategy, and sustainability leadership to form a value creation engine that benefits our shareholders and other stakeholders alike. Looking ahead, we are well positioned to benefit from ongoing strength and improving trends in our key end markets and our future at this price. Thank you for your time and attention today.

Operator, please open the line for questions.

Question & Answers

Operator

Thank you. [Operator Instructions] Our first question is from Ghansham Panjabi with Baird. Your line is open.

Ghansham Panjabi - Baird - Analyst

Hey, guys, good morning. Thanks for all the details. Congrats to the - to Matt as well as well as you Ole. I guess first off on the GIP segment, at least as it relates to the first quarter and the operating profit outperformance, did that come in better than you thought? It certainly came in better than our assumptions. Just take us through the what perhaps drove the upside specific to that segment in the first quarter?

Ole Rosgaard - President and Chief Executive Officer

Ghansham, not only comment as well, but a couple of things. Volume was as strong as we expected to be slightly better. Pricing was much better. And the - we had also thought that steel costs drop in December, which they did not really drop until January, which worked out very well for us in terms of price adjustment mechanisms. Those were the two key elements of it, but you already do know operate with a very disciplined pricing approach on all our markets.

And we continue to have value over volume in minds. You will see on our APAC volumes stay if they are a lower. And that's really due to these de – business that was in the rate. We have a great team out there really executing hard on staying ahead of the inflationary price curve. And they've gone really well. We will continue to do that.

Ghansham Panjabi - Baird - Analyst

Got it. Okay. And then last quarter on your conference call, you noted that the steel cost run-up added about a $100 million to FY2021, as specific to GIP, an operating profit. And I think you assumed that 2022 guidance basically embedded stable steel cost environment. The world has changed. Commodities are reflecting again, so can you just update us on that view for 2022?

Ole Rosgaard - President and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, your recollection is correct, Ghansham, we indicated we had that $100 million tailwind last year because of the rapid increase. We did indicate that we thought there would be some decrease in steel, but then it would remain fairly stable for the rest of this year. We've got that essentially built into our guidance going forward, but of the last week, we all are hearing potential for steel cost increases that the - whether that creates a benefit for us or not will just depend on the timing and the pace, but it's not bad news for us.

Ghansham Panjabi - Baird - Analyst

But you haven't changed that specific to the revised guidance, right?

Ole Rosgaard - President and Chief Executive Officer

We have not. We've just stayed with our prior view on the path of steel cost for the year.

Ghansham Panjabi - Baird - Analyst

Thanks so much.

Operator

The next question is from Adam Josephson with KeyBanc, your line is open.

Adam Josephson - KeyBanc - Analyst

Ole, Larry, good morning and congratulations to everyone on your new roles. Best of luck to you.

Ole Rosgaard - President and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you.

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

Thank you.

Adam Josephson - KeyBanc - Analyst

Larry, just following up on Ghansham's final question, can you update us on your price cost expectations for the year in the paper business and others. What were they three months ago? What are they now? How much have they gone up by? Just given lower OCC and the price increases that you're implementing, any help there would be great.

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

Yeah, we have not dramatically decreased our thoughts on OCC. It's now a 158, so not a dramatic decrease relative to the upside in pricing. You know what we've got out on the street, we basically built into our range about a $65 million net price cost benefit for the rest of the year above what we had previously had in paper, Adam. And we've got ranges around that just to provide some upside, downside given the uncertainties in the economy but that's the amount we build in.

Adam Josephson - KeyBanc - Analyst

Just one follow-up on that, Larry. So $65 million higher than three months ago. What is - so what is your actual price cost expectation for that segment for the year now?

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

It's consistent with what we put out in price increases. Obviously, we are fully expecting that we will achieve the 70 and the containerboard, there's 50 in the 50, and we're at 158 on OCC.

Adam Josephson - KeyBanc - Analyst

I just mean in terms of the price-cost relationship for the year in that business as embedded in your earnings guidance.

Ole Rosgaard - President and Chief Executive Officer

I don't have that.

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

What's going to improve? Yes. We added up substantially in our initial guidance.

Adam Josephson - KeyBanc - Analyst

Got it. Okay. And just on the cash flow, Larry, so it seems like some of the same factors that are resulting in increases in your earnings guidance, notably the improving price-cost relationship is also resulting in lower cash flow expectations, the same was the case last year. I guess, would you agree with that that they're very much connected to each other and if so, what would you expect beyond Fiscal '22 if the price cars relationships normalize, in other words, would you expect cash flow to go up and then EBITDA to go down, just the opposite of what's happening this year?

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

I wouldn't necessarily say EBITDA would go down, but if the cost remains flat after going up because of the price increases, it would stay flat and we would see an increase in cash flow because the working capital would not change, and as a matter of fact, we'd look forward to go down just through managing it better through our systems. But if you look at it, we have a number of elements, the operational improvements obviously are going to increase cash flow, get a little hiccup, say that's somewhere north of approaching $55 million.

We've got $28 million or so as a decrement from disposing of the FPS business which had significant improvement in their working capital structured for the second half of the year. So you got those two nets to about $28 million, you got interest expense as a positive, 14, change in working capital down about 42 at the midpoint and cash taxes up about $30 million over where we were previously. So the net of those takes you from where we were at 430 down to 410 as a midpoint.

Adam Josephson - KeyBanc - Analyst

Got it. Thanks so much, Larry.

Operator

[Operator Instructions]. The next question is from Gabe Hajde with Wells Fargo Securities, your line is open.

Gabe Hajde - Wells Fargo Securities - Analyst

Good morning, everyone. Congratulations on the good start to the year.

Ole Rosgaard - President and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Gabe.

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

Thanks.

Gabe Hajde - Wells Fargo Securities - Analyst

Curious, Ole if you've heard anything not obviously specific but anything on the external world that we should be mindful of in terms of competitive landscape on the GIP side whether it's locally, regionally?

Ole Rosgaard - President and Chief Executive Officer

I haven't. We don't really dwell on our competitors, instead we focus on serving our customers and our own people. But I haven't, I've got nothing to report there.

Gabe Hajde - Wells Fargo Securities - Analyst

Okay. I think you guys are investing call it $60 million to $70 million return capital into the business. I think again, most of its time the IBC and plastic side. Is there anything that we should be again, mindful of the external world, whether it's supply, seeing delays or anything like that, that can push contribution from some of these into fiscal '23 or just supply chain disruptions in general?

Ole Rosgaard - President and Chief Executive Officer

We continue a very disciplined allocation strategy on capex and our strategy is to grow in our resin-based products and our new ERP system. In terms of challenges, the biggest challenge to market phase is still labor, primarily in the U.S. Our customers report strong all order books, strong demands, but they can't fulfill that because they lack certain raw materials and they have labor challenges as well.

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

Gabe, we haven't specifically had anything happen yet to delay the execution of our capex projects. But we obviously we monitor it with the disruptions going on relative to Russia and Ukraine, obviously, that could impact things. But as to-date, nothing.

Gabe Hajde - Wells Fargo Securities - Analyst

Great. Thank you.

Operator

The next question is from Justin Bergner with Gabelli Funds. Your line is open.

Justin Bergner - Gabelli Funds - Analyst

Good morning and congratulations, Ole.

Ole Rosgaard - President and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you.

Justin Bergner - Gabelli Funds - Analyst

And morning, Larry. Good morning Matt.

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

Good morning, Justin.

Justin Bergner - Gabelli Funds - Analyst

My first question relates to the price cost dynamic in paper packaging. I just wanted to make sure I heard you correctly, that you have a $65 million better outlook than you did a quarter ago in that segment and if so, does that mean that your view on global industrial packaging has come down or are there other offsets to that $65 million benefit in paper packaging?

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

We do expect that the - currently, in our current guidance, we do expect that the GIP second half of the year will be less favorable just because of the dynamics of the play through on the cost elements. But it's not significant, the bigger drop on ours was actually they divestiture, loss of the FPS, EBITDA that was in our original guidance, Justin. So I walk through that a little bit on the cash flow side with Adam's question, but on the EPS side, the FPS divestiture is about $0.28 a share, drag from our original guidance. So there's really no degradation of against our original guidance from the GIP side is exactly what we had forecasted originally.

Justin Bergner - Gabelli Funds - Analyst

And then the $0.28 loss from the divestiture reduction - the divestiture, that would be net of minority interest in the benefit of debt pay down or just -

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

The benefit of the debt pay down as reflected in our change in interest expense. So it's not netted in there, but it is yes, for the other elements, you're correct. One thing I did want to supplement is on the price cost benefit in the paper business that is offset by some incrementally higher transport and utility costs, which is why when I walked through that differential, the cash impact was less than you would have gotten just from the price and cost elements of OCC.

Justin Bergner - Gabelli Funds - Analyst

Okay. And then just one nuance question. I saw that the basic share count for Class A shares was $26 million this quarter. And it was $26.6 million shares in 4Q, but I didn't think I saw any repurchases. So is that correct? And if so, what caused that delta?

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

No, it is incorrect. We had actually caught that. That'll be fixed in our queue. It was an unfortunate error that was missed on in the production of the earnings release. However, the earnings per share is correct.

Justin Bergner - Gabelli Funds - Analyst

Okay. Thank you.

Operator

The next question is from Adam Josephson with KeyBanc. Your line is open.

Adam Josephson - KeyBanc - Analyst

Thanks, everyone, for taking my follow-ups. Larry, just one more on the paper price cut. Is it - I'm thinking that the price cost benefit will be something in the neighborhood of a $150 million or so, does that sound off the mark? Particularly off the mark to you?

Ole Rosgaard - President and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, that's probably high Adam on - for the part of the year that we're building [Indecipherable]

Adam Josephson - KeyBanc - Analyst

Less than, okay. So I would - more than a 100 but less than 150, is that fair?

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

Again, like the supplemental comment I made, we've got a lot of offset going in for just higher transport costs, utilities, and those elements.

Adam Josephson - KeyBanc - Analyst

Got it. Okay. Just one last one on the - per Justin's question about the dilution of the sale. What is the net dilution relative to your previous guidance EPS?

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

It's $0.28.

Adam Josephson - KeyBanc - Analyst

Okay. So that is a net number, just to be clear?

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

Yeah. It's everything,

Adam Josephson - KeyBanc - Analyst

So in other words, the reduction in interest expense has absolutely nothing to do with the divestiture is what you're saying?

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

We just incorporated it into the end of the interest expense things. Let me walk through is just so you guys all have it. So we gave 615 and not just going down the midpoint, we've got ranges obviously. But $0.28 down on the FPS divestiture, $0.75 up on PPS pricing, and $0.16 on OCC positive, you got interest expense benefit of 24 and taxes down 42.

Adam Josephson - KeyBanc - Analyst

Got it. I appreciate that, Larry. And just on the tax rate, it was much lower than what you were thinking last year, last couple of years for that matter, it was much higher than the midpoint of guidance in fiscal 1-Q. Can you just talk about what your updated expectations are for the tax rate for the year, and also about why the tax rate is so volatile. It seems that it defies even your own predictions about where it's going, and I'm just trying to understand that dynamic a little better.

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

Yes. We always have stated because you have [Indecipherable], it'll jump all over the place quarter-to-quarter. But the guide for the year was '22 to '25 and adjusted basis it's still '22 to '25. We have said initially we thought it would be on the lower end of that range, but now we think it'll be on the higher end of that range. And the driving factors in the first quarter volatility is when you're doing - trying to do dividend distributions and so like we were getting cash out of Russia doing those kind of things, you end up with withholding taxes, those withholding taxes are not income based, they're based on the amount of distributed out, but they impact your rate.

And so that was a discrete item in the first quarter, and a year ago, we had actually closed out some U.S. IRS examines - mother exams and had some discrete items that were beneficial. But the bigger driver of the rate change is that the predominance of our much larger proportion of our income is in U.S. now than what we had originally forecast. And that despite the reductions in corporate rates and Trump administration, it's still higher than many countries in the world. And so that's pushing our radar.

Adam Josephson - KeyBanc - Analyst

Yes. And I appreciate that. And just one last one about the full-year range. So obviously you said it's wider than normal. When you have the nine plants in Russia, there's just extraordinary volatility globally. What led you to increase the range as much as you did in light of all that on certainty versus just keeping it where it was?

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

Well, because when we go through our process each quarter, obviously, we update our forecast and we do an upside downside where we identify all of the areas we believe we have risk and areas we have opportunity. To be frank, I lowered that range. Even from where we think it could be to just put some conservativism given the uncertainty in the world.

So we're very confident of delivering on this, but we did build in extra buffer for sure because of that, and it's no big deal, it's lowered at a dime at the center for just on Zirtny. And we'd already building upside downside, basically wiping out everything in Russia between the ruble and just operations and so we feel comfortable with what we put out.

Adam Josephson - KeyBanc - Analyst

Got it. Thanks so much, Larry.

Operator

[Operator Instructions] The next question is from Justin Bergner with Gabelli Funds. Your line is open.

Justin Bergner - Gabelli Funds - Analyst

Thanks for the follow-ups. I'm not sure I followed the earnings bridge correctly. Relative to your prior guide, there was a $0.42 headwind from the tax rate and you get that from just being in the low end of the range, 20% to 25% range or being on the high end of the range?

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

Right.

Justin Bergner - Gabelli Funds - Analyst

Okay.

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

You've got increased income here. So it's not just the rate is the fact the incomes way up.

Justin Bergner - Gabelli Funds - Analyst

Okay. But that's relative to your prior guide. That's not relative to last year.

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

No, that's correct. Yes, that's correct.

Justin Bergner - Gabelli Funds - Analyst

And then any material tax leakage from the flexible products sale or should we expect net proceeds is very close to that 123?

Larry A. Hilsheimer - Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

No, no significant tax leakage we will have some but not significant.

Justin Bergner - Gabelli Funds - Analyst

Okay. Thank you.

Operator

We have no further questions at this time. I will turn the call over to Matt Eichmann for any closing remarks.

Matt Eichmann - Vice President, Chief Marketing and Sustainability Officer

Thanks very much, Chris. And thanks very much for the callers today who took part in our earnings call. We hope you have a safe and enjoyable rest of your week. Take care.

Operator

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GREIF INC

Q1 2022

Earnings Transcript

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